School Psychologist Work and Training 

What specifically do school psychologists do? Well, the specifics vary according to the age of the children they service, district policies, state laws and regulations, and of course, the psychologist's specific interests. However, some of the general categories of duties include: 

Assessment 

School psychologists evaluate children and adolescents experiencing difficulties (e.g., academic struggles, social problems, behavioral problems), and those displaying exceptional talents. Psychoeducational assessment is the most common and time-consuming function of many nondoctoral school psychologists. Assessment is also a core practice for doctoral-level school psychologists; however, many prioritize additional professional activities due to their advanced training. 

Consultation 

This entails supporting teachers with classroom management practices, as well as assisting parents in devising strategies to help their children succeed at home. Often, school-wide initiatives related to behavior management, suicide prevention, crisis response, or fostering a positive school climate are also part of a school psychologist's work. 

Intervention 

Delivering group counseling, individual counseling, and behavioral intervention to students, as well as implementing and evaluating school-wide initiatives focusing on the mental health and well-being of students. School psychologists work extensively in the realm of mental health prevention and early intervention. 

Training 

In contrast to doctoral-level clinical psychologists, who typically supervise doctoral students in graduate programs, school psychologists are heavily involved in the training of future school psychologists. This typically occurs for candidates in specialist-level (nondoctoral) graduate training programs. Additionally, school psychologists frequently train teachers, school staff, or parents through professional development activities, workshops, or conferences. 

Advocacy 

Given their unique expertise, school psychologists often speak on behalf of children and adolescents, collaborating with policymakers, legislators, and community groups to improve the lives of youth. Furthermore, advocacy within schools and school districts is commonplace, with school psychologists leading initiatives to ensure equitable and appropriate treatment for all students. 

The Training Pathway to Become a School Psychologist 

In the United States, most jurisdictions require completion of one of two types of graduate degrees: a specialist-level degree (generally around 60 graduate credit hours), or a doctoral degree (generally ranging from 90 to 120 credit hours). Both specialist-level and doctoral-level school psychologists can be nationally certified in the United States by the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP), although certification is mandatory in some jurisdictions. In Canada, doctoral-level school psychologists receive training similar to that of a clinical psychologist. 

In the United States and Canada, school psychology programs are accredited by either the APA or NASP. The core training emphasizes child and adolescent development, learning, behavior, mental health, and ecological-systems principles. Additionally, research, data-based decision-making, consultation principles, social justice, diversity, equity, inclusion, and advocacy are emphasized in school psychology graduate education. 

School psychology graduate education mandates at least a one-year, full-time supervised internship (often totaling 1200-1500 hours). Doctoral programs frequently require multiple internships in diverse settings (e.g., schools, clinics, private practices, universities), while specialist programs usually require an internship exclusively in a school setting. The internship experience is where theoretical knowledge acquired in graduate school is applied under the supervision of an experienced, licensed school psychologist. 

Licensure to Practice as a School Psychologist 

After graduating with either a specialist-level or doctoral degree in school psychology, candidates must obtain licensure/registration in the jurisdiction where they wish to practice. Although specific requirements vary, some common elements include passing a national board examination covering the core content areas in school psychology, completing a criminal background check, and paying an application fee. Some jurisdictions or school districts require specific graduate coursework or additional examinations beyond the national board exam. Licensing/registration ensures protection of the public and is a critical facet of professionalism in school psychology. 

Career Options 

As previously mentioned, most school psychologists work in educational settings. This could include traditional public schools, private schools, residential treatment settings, juvenile detention centers, or other educational environments. The role within schools may include responsibilities ranging from assessment of children with disabilities to intervention, consultation, and prevention services. 

However, that's not all! School psychologists can be found working in hospitals, outpatient mental health clinics, universities as faculty members, private practices, government agencies, and research centers. Given their unique training, school psychologists often occupy leadership positions and influence change at a systemic level. 

Salary 

According to the most recent income survey by the APA, the median income of school psychologists was higher than that of clinical psychologists (APA b, n.d.). School psychologists with ten or more years of experience typically earn between $81,000 - $115,000 annually in the United States and are among the higher-paid professions within educational systems. 

While income can vary based on several factors, including location, school district, type of position, experience, and level of education (specialist or doctorate), overall, school psychology offers competitive pay and opportunities for professional advancement. In some settings, school psychologists with entrepreneurial skills establish successful private practices and consulting businesses. 

School Psychologist - A Viable Career Option 

As we've discussed, school psychology offers a fulfilling and versatile career path with the opportunity to make a difference in the lives of children and adolescents. While it's a less prominent branch of psychology compared to clinical psychology, the growing awareness of mental health and learning needs highlights the invaluable role school psychologists play in our society. 

School Psychologists: A Closer Look 

So, what does a typical day look like for a school psychologist? Honestly, defining a "typical" day is somewhat challenging, as the work can be remarkably diverse. Each day brings a fresh set of challenges and opportunities. Here's a glimpse into potential activities a school psychologist might engage in: 

Morning: Start the day by reviewing student files for an upcoming evaluation. Then, conduct an intellectual assessment with a student referred for a suspected learning disability. Consult with the teacher about observed behaviors and possible classroom strategies to support the student. 

Afternoon: Facilitate a group social skills session for middle school students struggling to make friends. Next, meet with a parent concerned about their child's recent anxiety and discuss possible strategies and community resources. Finally, participate in a multidisciplinary team meeting to discuss the development of an intervention plan for a student with complex special education needs. 

Other Days: Days might involve leading a school-wide initiative on bullying prevention, attending professional development workshops, participating in crisis response, or conducting research. The range of activities ensures that school psychologists remain engaged and challenged, as the work is seldom routine. 

Who Do School Psychologists Work With? 

Collaboration is central to a school psychologist's practice. They interact with a wide range of individuals, including: 

Students: Naturally, school psychologists build relationships with students from diverse backgrounds, providing direct individual and group services. 

Teachers: Through collaborative consultation, they work together to devise effective classroom strategies, address behavioral concerns, and support student success. 

Parents and Families: They form partnerships to create consistent support systems for students, offering guidance and resources to foster positive outcomes. 

Administrators: School psychologists often advise principals and other administrators on school-wide initiatives, crisis management, and evidence-based practices to improve the overall school climate. 

Allied Professionals: They collaborate with external professionals such as speech therapists, occupational therapists, social workers, and medical personnel to ensure holistic service delivery for students. 

Community Partners: School psychologists connect with local agencies, advocacy groups, and community organizations to expand resources and support for students and families. 

School Psychologist Skill Set 

To excel in this diverse and challenging field, school psychologists cultivate various skills, including: 

Assessment: Expertise in administering and interpreting various psychological assessments to understand students' cognitive abilities, learning styles, social-emotional well-being, and behavioral patterns. 

Intervention: Skill in designing and implementing evidence-based interventions to address mental health challenges, learning difficulties, and behavioral issues. 

Consultation: Ability to work collaboratively with teachers, parents, and administrators, offering strategies and solutions to support student success. 

Data-Based Decision-Making: Strong analytical skills to collect and interpret data, guiding effective interventions and systemic improvements within schools. 

Cultural Competence: Sensitivity and responsiveness to diverse cultural backgrounds, ensuring equitable and inclusive services for all students. 

Advocacy: A passion for promoting social justice and advocating for the needs of children, youth, and families within communities and educational systems. 

Is a Career in School Psychology Right for You? 

If you enjoy working with children and adolescents, have a deep interest in psychology, and want to make a positive impact on the lives of young people, then school psychology might be an excellent fit for you. Here are some additional factors to consider: 

Personality Traits Conducive to the Work 

Enjoyment of Problem-Solving: School psychology is an active, intellectually stimulating profession that requires creative problem-solving skills. 

Comfort with Systems: School psychologists need to be skilled in navigating complex systems and advocating for change within those systems. 

Empathy and Compassion: Building strong relationships with students, teachers, and parents requires a genuine sense of empathy and a desire to help others. 

Strong Interpersonal Skills: Collaboration and effective communication are fundamental for school psychologists. 

Resilience: Addressing the mental health and educational needs of diverse populations can be emotionally demanding, so maintaining resilience and self-care practices is essential. 

Interest Areas 

Consider your specific interests within the broader field of psychology. School psychology offers unique specializations, including: 

Early Childhood: Focus on the developmental and mental health needs of young children, offering assessment, intervention, and support to families. 

Mental Health: Emphasis on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health disorders in children and adolescents within school settings. 

Behavioral Intervention: Expertise in designing and implementing behavior management plans and working with students exhibiting challenging behaviors. 

Consultation: Specialization in collaborative problem-solving models and facilitating school-wide initiatives promoting positive learning environments. 

Advocacy: Leadership roles focused on advocating for the needs of children, families, and schools at a systemic level. 

Educational and Career Pathways 

After completing a bachelor's degree in psychology, education, or a related field, you have options for pursuing your goal of becoming a school psychologist: 

Specialist Level Programs: Generally, these programs offer a 3-year master's degree, often paired with an educational specialist (Ed.S.) degree. Graduates are qualified to work as school psychologists in most jurisdictions but usually must work under supervision. 

Doctoral Programs: These involve 4-6 years of graduate study, including internships and a dissertation. Doctoral programs can focus on research or practice, providing broader career options and the opportunity to work independently without supervision. 

Careers Beyond School Settings: While many school psychologists choose to work in traditional school settings, a graduate degree in school psychology prepares individuals for a wide range of positions focused on child and adolescent well-being. 

Exploring the Profession 

If you're intrigued by school psychology, here are ways to learn more about the field: 

Talk to a School Psychologist: Reach out to a school psychologist in your area and ask for an informational interview to gain valuable insights. 

Research Graduate Programs: Explore the websites of accredited school psychology graduate programs to familiarize yourself with the curriculum, faculty, and admission requirements. 

NASP Website: Visit the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) website (https://www.nasponline.org/) for extensive information about the profession and career resources. 

Conclusion: A Rewarding and Impactful Career 

School psychology provides a fulfilling and dynamic career for individuals who are passionate about supporting the mental health, learning, and overall well-being of children and adolescents. While it may be a relatively lesser-known branch of psychology, its significance and value are undeniable. 

The demand for skilled and compassionate school psychologists continues to grow, especially in light of the increased focus on mental health in schools. With a diverse range of work settings and career paths, school psychology offers ample opportunities for professional growth, leadership, and innovation. 

If you have a strong interest in psychology, enjoy working with young people, and are motivated to create positive change, then exploring a career in school psychology could be a rewarding and profoundly impactful decision. School psychologists serve as powerful voices, addressing the complex needs of students and paving the way for a brighter future. 

Call to Action 

To learn more about the field of school psychology, I encourage you to explore the following resources: 

National Association of School Psychologists (NASP): https://www.nasponline.org/ 

American Psychological Association (APA) – School Psychology Division: https://www.apa.org/ed/precollege/ptn 

Society for the Study of School Psychology (SSSP): [invalid URL removed] 

A Final Word 

I hope this comprehensive guide provided you with a better understanding of this often overlooked yet vital branch of professional psychology – school psychology. If you're seeking a challenging and rewarding career focused on children and adolescents, this profession is absolutely worth considering.